坂井 文乃

Objective: This systematic review will identify and synthesize the available qualitative evidence regarding parents’ experiences of health literacy in parenting infants at home. Introduction: Parental health literacy, which is essential for parents’ and children’s health, is associated with parents’ health knowledge, parenting practices, and children’s health outcomes. Parents face difficulties pertaining to their health literacy skills in daily health education and health care for their infants; therefore, understanding their parenting experience with infants from a health literacy perspective is important for health professionals. This review will evaluate and integrate qualitative evidence regarding parental experiences of health literacy in daily parenting of infants at home. Inclusion criteria: This review will include qualitative data from empirical studies describing parents’ experiences of health literacy in parenting infants at home. Parents of infants (0–1 year of age) living at home in Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development member countries will be included. Methods: This review will follow the JBI approach for qualitative systematic reviews. The following databases will be searched for published and unpublished studies: MEDLINE (EBSCOhost), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (EBSCOhost), and ProQuest Health and Medical Collection (in English and Japanese); Open Access Theses and Dissertations (in English); and Ichushi-Web, CiNii, and the Institutional Repositories Database (in Japanese). Study selection, data extraction, and critical appraisal of the methodological quality of studies will be undertaken by 2 reviewers independently. Data synthesis will be conducted using the meta-aggregation approach, and the synthesized findings will be assessed using the ConQual approach. Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42022345187

Community building is necessary to help create a dementia-inclusive society. In this study, a one-of-a kind dementia education program based on mutual learning using instructional design was developed alongside community members and stakeholders. The purpose was to implement and evaluate this program and gain insight into dementia education for the community. A total of 118 individuals participated in the program; however, data of 80 participants (Male = 26, Female = 54), who completed a questionnaire before and after the program, were analyzed. The results showed a significant pre–post difference in mean total scores on the Attitudes Toward Dementia Scale (32.1 points pre-program vs. 33.7 points post-program). Nine necessary learning topics were identified. The program could successfully teach participants to take the perspectives of various other people, view dementia as something relevant to themselves, and think about specific ways of responding to people with dementia considering their feelings. This study recommends creating education programs using scenario stories that depict the desire of people with dementia to be a part of the community, using visual depictions to create a shared impression and facilitate mutual learning.

目的:初めて育児に取り組む母親の産後半年間おける、育児に対するヘルスリテラシーの発展プロセスを明らかにし、育児に対するヘルスリテラシーの発展を促す支援の示唆を得る。方法:研究デザインは質的記述的研究である。初めて育児に取り組む母親を対象に半構造化面接を実施し、産後半年間に育児についてどのように調べ、考え、相談し、実践したかを聴取し、ヘルスリテラシーの発展に着目し質的帰納的に分析した。結果:研究参加者は8名であった。育児に対するヘルスリテラシーの発展プロセスは4つのコアカテゴリで示され、【1.育児の情報提供や指導に沿って取り組む】【2.我が子への関心や不安をきっかけに、情報探索して活用し、自ら相談することで、情報に基づき意思決定する】【3.思うようにいかない経験をするなかで我が子の成長を実感し、反応を捉えて乳児の特徴と発育発達への理解に照らし、育児を振り返り調整する】【4.他者の育児を知り励まし合い、育児に完全な答えはないと気づき試行錯誤するなかで、自分を支える他者と関係を築く】の順で進んでいた。考察:育児に対するヘルスリテラシーの発展プロセスは「乳児一般の発育発達と我が子の個別性の理解の両輪で、我が子と育児を捉える」「我が子の反応と育児経験を振り返って意味づけし、認識を変える」「問題を焦点化し、試行錯誤する自分を支える他者と関係を築く」という3つの特徴が循環して進むことから、その循環を促すことが、育児に対するヘルスリテラシーの発展を促すために重要と考える。(著者抄録)