Shunsuke Ishii, Haruka Chino, Koji L. Ode, Yoshitaka Kurikawa, Hiroki R. Ueda, Akira Matsuura, Noboru Mizushima, Eisuke Itakura
Molecular Biology of the Cell 2023年2月3日 査読有り
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a major cell compartment where protein synthesis, folding and post-translational modifications occur with assistance from a wide variety of chaperones and enzymes. Quality control systems selectively eliminate abnormal proteins that accumulate inside the ER due to cellular stresses. ER-phagy, i.e., selective autophagy of the ER, is a mechanism that maintains or re-establishes cellular and ER-specific homeostasis through removal of abnormal proteins. However, how ER luminal proteins are recognized by the ER-phagy machinery remains unclear. Here, we applied the aggregation-prone protein, six-repeated islet amyloid polypeptide (6xIAPP), as a model ER-phagy substrate, and found that cell cycle progression 1 (CCPG1), which is an ER-phagy receptor, efficiently mediates its degradation via ER-phagy. We also identified prolyl 3-hydroxylase family member 4 (P3H4) as an endogenous cargo of CCPG1-dependent ER-phagy. The ER luminal region of CCPG1 contains several highly conserved regions that we refer to as cargo interaction regions (CIRs); these directly interact with specific luminal cargos for ER-phagy. Notably, 6xIAPP and P3H4 directly interact with different CIRs. These findings indicate that CCPG1 is a bispecific ER-phagy receptor for ER luminal proteins and the autophagosomal membrane that contributes to the efficient removal of aberrant ER-resident proteins through ER-phagy.