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  2. 菅原 路子

菅原 路子

スガワラ ミチコ  (Michiko Sugawara)

基本情報

所属
千葉大学 大学院工学研究院機械工学コース 准教授
RIKEN(The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research) Headquarters, Center for Intellectual Property Programs and Management Visiting Researcher
学位
博士（工学）(東北大学)
J-GLOBAL ID
200901066105451066
researchmap会員ID
5000039833

研究キーワード

 9

研究分野

 5

経歴

 7
もっとみる

学歴

 2

受賞

 3

論文

 23
  • Shota Yamamoto, Tatsuya Miyama, Takafumi Komoda, Michiko Sugawara, Makiko Nonomura, Jun Nakanishi
    ANALYTICAL SCIENCES 36(2) 263-268 2020年2月  
    Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a qualitative change in cell migration behavior during cancer invasion and metastasis, is becoming a new target for anticancer drugs. Therefore, it is crucial to develop in vitro assays for the evaluation of the abilities of drug candidates to control EMT progression. We herein report on a method for the quantification of the EMT based on particle image velocimetry and correlation functions. The exponential fitting of the correlation curve gives an index (lambda), which represents transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1-induced EMT progression and its suppression by inhibitors. Moreover, real-time monitoring of the lambda value illustrates a time-dependent EMT progressing process, which occurs earlier than the bio-chemical changes in an EMT marker protein expression. The results demonstrate the usefulness of the present method for kinetic studies of EMT progression as well as EMT inhibitor screening.
  • Norikazu Sato, Jiafeng Yao, Michiko Sugawara, Masahiro Takei
    IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 66(2) 453-463 2019年2月  
    A particle-fluid flow under alternating current (ac) electrokinetics was numerically simulated to investigate the three-dimensional (3-D) particle motion in a complex electric field of a high conductivity medium generated by an electrode-multilayered microfluidic device. The simulation model coupling thermal-fluid-electrical and dispersed particle problems incorporates three ac electrokinetics (ACEK) phenomena, namely, the ac electrothermal effect (ACET), thermal buoyancy (TB), and dielectrophoresis (DEP). The electrode-multilayered microfluidic device was fabricated with 40 electrodes exposed at the flow channel sidewalls in five cross sections. The governing equations of the simulation model are solved by the Eulerian-Lagrangian method with finite volume discretization. Fluid flow simulations in three cases with or without consideration of ACET and TB are performed to clarify the contributions of these phenomena. The fluid flow is found to be composed of short-range vortices due to ACET and long-range circulation due to TB based on the features of the electrode-multilayered microfluidic device. The 3-D particle trajectory influenced by the fluid flow is compared with four values of the real part of the Clausius-Mossotti (CM) factor to evaluate the DEP phenomenon. The simulation model is validated by experiments using a cell suspension. The pattern of cell trajectories in the upper part of the flow channel measured by particle tracking velocimetry agrees with the simulated pattern. By comparison of the simulation and experiment, it is found that the cells moving straight away from the electrode on the focal plane are decelerated within the region of 60 mu m from the electrode by positive-DEP with Re[K(omega)] = 0.08-0.11. Furthermore, the 3-D DEP-effective region and the ACET and TB dominant regions for the cells are predicted by evaluating the particle-fluid relative velocity due to DEP force with Re[K(omega)] = 0.10. Consequently, the flow mechanism and dominant region of each ACEK phenomenon in the device are clarified from the 3-D simulation validated by the experiments.
  • Jiafeng Yao, Michiko Sugawara, Hiromichi Obara, Takeomi Mizutani, Masahiro Takei
    IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 11(6) 1450-1458 2017年12月  
    The distinct motion of GFP-tagged histone expressing cells (Histone-GFP type cells) has been investigated under ac electrokinetics in an electrode-multilayered microfluidic device as compared with Wild type cells and GFP type cells in terms of different intracellular components. The Histone-GFP type cells were modified by the transfection of green fluorescent protein-fused histone from the human lung fibroblast cell line. The velocity of the Histone-GFP type cells obtained by particle tracking velocimetry technique is faster thanWild type cells by 24.9% andGFP type cells by 57.1%. This phenomenon is caused by the more amount of proteins in the intracellular of single Histone-GFP type cell than that of theWild type and GFP type cells. The more amount of proteins in the Histone-GFP type cells corresponds to a lower electric permittivity ec of the cells, which generates a lower dielectrophoretic force exerting on the cells. The velocity of Histone-GFP type cells is well agreed with Eulerian-Lagrangian two-phase flow simulation by 4.2% mean error, which proves that the fluid motion driven by thermal buoyancy and electrothermal force dominates the direction of cells motion, while the distinct motion of Histone-GFP type cells is caused by dielectrophoretic force. The fluidmotion does not generate a distinct dragmotion for Histone-GFP type cells because the Histone-GFP type cells have the same size to theWild type and GFP type cells. These results clarified the mechanism of cells motion in terms of intracellular components, which helps to improve the cell manipulation efficiency with electrokinetics.
  • Takamasa Mizoguchi, Shoko lkeda, Saori Watanabe, Michiko Sugawara, Motoyuki Itoh
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 114(44) E9280-E9289 2017年10月  
    Persistent directional cell migration is involved in animal development and diseases. The small GTPase Rac1 is involved in F-actin and focal adhesion dynamics. Local Rac1 activity is required for persistent directional migration, whereas global, hyperactivated Rac1 enhances random cell migration. Therefore, precise control of Rac1 activity is important for proper directional cell migration. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the regulation of Rac1 activity in persistent directional cell migration is not fully understood. Here, we show that the ubiquitin ligase mind bomb 1 (Mib1) is involved in persistent directional cell migration. We found that knockdown of MIB1 led to an increase in random cell migration in HeLa cells in a wound-closure assay. Furthermore, we explored novel Mib1 substrates for cell migration and found that Mib1 ubiquitinates Ctnnd1. Mib1-mediated ubiq-uitination of Ctnnd1 K547 attenuated Rac1 activation in cultured cells. In addition, we found that posterior lateral line primordium cells in the zebrafish mib1(ta52b) mutant showed increased random migration and loss of directional F-actin-based protrusion formation. Knock down of Ctnnd1 partially rescued posterior lateral line primordium cell migration defects in the mib1(ta52b) mutant. Taken together, our data suggest that Mib1 plays an important role in cell migration and that persistent directional cell migration is regulated, at least in part, by the Mib1-Ctnnd1-Rac1 pathway.
  • Masao Kamimura, Michiko Sugawara, Shota Yamamoto, Kazuo Yamaguchi, Jun Nakanishi
    BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE 4(6) 933-937 2016年  査読有り
    A method was developed for photocontrolling cell adhesion on a gel substrate with defined mechanical properties. Precise patterning of geometrically controlled cell clusters and their migration induction became possible by spatiotemporally controlled photo-irradiation of the substrate. The clusters exhibited unique collective motion that depended on substrate stiffness and cluster geometry.
もっとみる

MISC

 77
  • 信学技報 100(255) 7-11 2000年  
  • M Sugawara, H Wada, S Takeuchi, H Usukura, S Kakehata, K Ikeda, T Takasaka
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN AUDITORY MECHANICS 323-329 2000年  
    In this study, OHCs are stimulated by 5.0Hz and 105.3Hz sinusoidal voltage, and the local displacements along the cell axis are measured using microspheres attached on the cell lateral wall. When the cells are stimulated by 5.0Hz sinusoidal voltage, the displacement values are constant in the basal and apical regions, and the amount of the displacements varies almost linearly in the middle region of the cell. This suggests that there are no motors in the basal and apical regions of the cell and the motors are distributed equally in the middle region, if the effects of the mechanical properties of the cell lateral wall and the internal pressure are ignored. When the cells are stimulated by 105.3Hz sinusoidal voltage, the basal and apical regions of the cells elongate locally, and the phase differences among the measurement points are noticeable. This would be caused by the inertia and damping effects of the cell.
  • Abstracts of the 23rd ARO Annual Midwinter Research Meeting 55 2000年  
  • M Sugawara, H Wada, S Takeuchi, H Usukura, S Kakehata, K Ikeda, T Takasaka
    PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN AUDITORY MECHANICS 323-329 2000年  
    In this study, OHCs are stimulated by 5.0Hz and 105.3Hz sinusoidal voltage, and the local displacements along the cell axis are measured using microspheres attached on the cell lateral wall. When the cells are stimulated by 5.0Hz sinusoidal voltage, the displacement values are constant in the basal and apical regions, and the amount of the displacements varies almost linearly in the middle region of the cell. This suggests that there are no motors in the basal and apical regions of the cell and the motors are distributed equally in the middle region, if the effects of the mechanical properties of the cell lateral wall and the internal pressure are ignored. When the cells are stimulated by 105.3Hz sinusoidal voltage, the basal and apical regions of the cells elongate locally, and the phase differences among the measurement points are noticeable. This would be caused by the inertia and damping effects of the cell.
  • 菅原 路子, 和田 仁
    Otol J 9(5) 535-541 1999年  
    The outer hair cell (OHC) is believed to play an important role for the normal function of the cochlea, and the cochlear amplification is believed to be based on the OHC electromotility. Recently, various studies such as the measurements of the electromotility and mechanical properties of the OHC and the estimation of the force production of the cell using OHC models have been done to clarify the mechanism of the cochlear amplification. In these reports, although the elastic properties of the cell have been well analyzed, the longitudinal viscoelastic properties of the cell, which may affect the basilar membrane vibration, have not been characterized yet.<BR>Therefore, in this study, first, the cell was held at cuticular plate by an elastic probe and at a basal part of the lateral wall by a glass pipette, and the cell was stretched to the longitudinal direction and the force generated in the cell was measured. Then, by adapting a three parameter Voigt model, which includes a spring with stiffness k1 in series with a Voigt element containing a spring with stiffness k2 and a dashpot characterized by η, to the measurement results, an attempt was made to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of the OHC. The results are as follows:<BR>1. When the OHC is stretched by the glass pipette, a large force is generated instantaneously and then gradually relaxed.<BR>2. Analyzing the measurement results using the three parameter Voigt model, the stiffness parameters of the OHC k1, k2 and the viscous parameter η in the model are (0. 98±0. 68)×10-3 N/m, (1.0±1.0)×10-3 N/m and (17±13)×10-3 N·s/m, respectively. Based on this model, adaptation and relaxation characteristics of the OHC are estimated, and the adaptation and relaxation times are obtained to be 24sec and 9. 1sec, respectively.<BR>3. It can be said that OHCs show much stronger viscoelastic behavior than erythrocytes and leukocytes.
  • 和田 仁, 竹内 進, 菅原 路子, 欠畑 誠治, 池田 勝久, 高坂 知節
    Otol J 9(2) 135-140 1999年  
    The outer hair cell (OHC) has an important role for the normal function of the cochlea, and the cochlear amplification is believed to be based on OHC electromotility. Although many studies of measuring isolated OHC motility have been done, the whole movement of OHC is still unclear, because most of the measurements have been done by the photodiode technique. In order to understand the shape changes in various points on OHC, the whole movements of OHC were recorded by a high-speed video system when the isolated OHC was whole cell voltage clamped and evoked by low frequency (5Hz) electric stimulus, and displacement of the cell edge and the microbeads attached to the lateral wall of OHC were analyzed by quantifying enhanced grayscale profile shifts in the processed images. The results were as follows: 1. OHC vibrates synchronously in response to the sinusoidal voltage stimuli, and the amplitude of the microbead movements increases with an increase in the distance between the microbead on the cell body and the patch-clamped position. 2. The axial strain in the middle region of OHC is larger than those in the apical and basal regions, and there is no relationship between the patch-clamped position and the strain distribution of OHC. 3. The amplitudes of diameter changes are constant in various points on OHC. 4. There is a possibility that the density of protein motor is largest in the middle region of OHC. However, in order to clarify this possibility, further investigation of measuring the distribution of the OHC axial stiffness from the apical end to the basal end is necessary.
  • Abstracts of the 22nd ARO Annual Midwinter Research Meeting 89 1999年  
  • 菅原 路子, IWASA Kuni H., 和田 仁
    Otology Japan 9(5) 535-541 1999年  
    The outer hair cell (OHC) is believed to play an important role for the normal function of the cochlea, and the cochlear amplification is believed to be based on the OHC electromotility. Recently, various studies such as the measurements of the electromotility and mechanical properties of the OHC and the estimation of the force production of the cell using OHC models have been done to clarify the mechanism of the cochlear amplification. In these reports, although the elastic properties of the cell have been well analyzed, the longitudinal viscoelastic properties of the cell, which may affect the basilar membrane vibration, have not been characterized yet.<BR>Therefore, in this study, first, the cell was held at cuticular plate by an elastic probe and at a basal part of the lateral wall by a glass pipette, and the cell was stretched to the longitudinal direction and the force generated in the cell was measured. Then, by adapting a three parameter Voigt model, which includes a spring with stiffness k1 in series with a Voigt element containing a spring with stiffness k2 and a dashpot characterized by η, to the measurement results, an attempt was made to evaluate the viscoelastic properties of the OHC. The results are as follows:<BR>1. When the OHC is stretched by the glass pipette, a large force is generated instantaneously and then gradually relaxed.<BR>2. Analyzing the measurement results using the three parameter Voigt model, the stiffness parameters of the OHC k1, k2 and the viscous parameter η in the model are (0. 98±0. 68)×10-3 N/m, (1.0±1.0)×10-3 N/m and (17±13)×10-3 N·s/m, respectively. Based on this model, adaptation and relaxation characteristics of the OHC are estimated, and the adaptation and relaxation times are obtained to be 24sec and 9. 1sec, respectively.<BR>3. It can be said that OHCs show much stronger viscoelastic behavior than erythrocytes and leukocytes.
  • 和田 仁, 竹内 進, 菅原 路子, 欠畑 誠治, 池田 勝久, 高坂 知節
    Otology Japan 9(2) 135-140 1999年  
    The outer hair cell (OHC) has an important role for the normal function of the cochlea, and the cochlear amplification is believed to be based on OHC electromotility. Although many studies of measuring isolated OHC motility have been done, the whole movement of OHC is still unclear, because most of the measurements have been done by the photodiode technique. In order to understand the shape changes in various points on OHC, the whole movements of OHC were recorded by a high-speed video system when the isolated OHC was whole cell voltage clamped and evoked by low frequency (5Hz) electric stimulus, and displacement of the cell edge and the microbeads attached to the lateral wall of OHC were analyzed by quantifying enhanced grayscale profile shifts in the processed images. The results were as follows: 1. OHC vibrates synchronously in response to the sinusoidal voltage stimuli, and the amplitude of the microbead movements increases with an increase in the distance between the microbead on the cell body and the patch-clamped position. 2. The axial strain in the middle region of OHC is larger than those in the apical and basal regions, and there is no relationship between the patch-clamped position and the strain distribution of OHC. 3. The amplitudes of diameter changes are constant in various points on OHC. 4. There is a possibility that the density of protein motor is largest in the middle region of OHC. However, in order to clarify this possibility, further investigation of measuring the distribution of the OHC axial stiffness from the apical end to the basal end is necessary.
  • H Wada, M Sugawara, T Kobayashi, K Hozawa, T Takasaka
    HEARING RESEARCH 120(1-2) 1-6 1998年6月  
    Cochleas are known to have the ability to analyze a frequency widely, and this ability seems to be owed mostly to the basilar membrane (BM) configuration. However, the relationship between the cochlear frequency-position map and the BM configuration is not clear. Therefore, in this paper, the internal structures of a guinea pig cochlea, especially the BM configuration, were reconstructed and measured using a computer-aided three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction system. Then, an attempt was made to examine the influence of the BM configuration on the cochlear frequency-position map. The measurement results indicate that the width of the BM increased and its thickness decreased with an increase in the distance from the basal turn towards the apical turn. Theoretical consideration reveals that the wide frequency-position of the cochlea is achieved by not only the BM configuration change along the length of the cochlea but also the change of the Young's modulus of the BM along the length of the cochlea. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
  • H Wada, M Sugawara, T Kobayashi, K Hozawa, T Takasaka
    HEARING RESEARCH 120(1-2) 1-6 1998年6月  
    Cochleas are known to have the ability to analyze a frequency widely, and this ability seems to be owed mostly to the basilar membrane (BM) configuration. However, the relationship between the cochlear frequency-position map and the BM configuration is not clear. Therefore, in this paper, the internal structures of a guinea pig cochlea, especially the BM configuration, were reconstructed and measured using a computer-aided three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction system. Then, an attempt was made to examine the influence of the BM configuration on the cochlear frequency-position map. The measurement results indicate that the width of the BM increased and its thickness decreased with an increase in the distance from the basal turn towards the apical turn. Theoretical consideration reveals that the wide frequency-position of the cochlea is achieved by not only the BM configuration change along the length of the cochlea but also the change of the Young's modulus of the BM along the length of the cochlea. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
  • 和田 仁, 佐藤 邦彦, 菅原 路子, 竹内 進, 池田 勝久
    日本機械学会誌 101(954) 331-331 1998年5月5日  
  • 和田 仁, 百瀬 健二, 菅原 路子, 朴沢 孝治, 高坂 知節
    Otol J 8(5) 511-515 1998年  
    The middle ear of guinea pig has long been used for experimental studies. However, in spite of numerous otologic studies on guinea pig's middle ear, there are few investigations on measuring the size of each part of the middle ear. Therefore, in this study, a computer-aided 3-D reconstruction method was applied to the middle ear of a guinea pig, and the ossicles, tympanic membrane, ligaments and bulla were reconstructed three-dimensionally in detail. Then, the length, angle, volume and area of each part of the middle ear were obtained from these reconstructed images. Finally, the mechanism of the sound pressure enhancement in the middle ear was examined.
  • 和田 仁, 菅原 路子
    日本機械学会論文集 64(622) 1738-1743 1998年  
    Recent experiments have shown that the isolated outer hair cell (OHC) can elongate and contract in response to electrical stimulation. From the OHC's position relative to the basilar membrane, it is deduced that the OHC length change directly affects the basilar membrane motion. Thus, this electromotile property of the OHC may play a key role in cochlear tuning. In order to evaluate the OHC's ability to influence the basilar membrane motion and tuning, a few experiments and numerical analyses have already been reported. However, the OHC motility within the range of the human ear (20 Hz∼20 kHz) and the force generated by the OHC are unknown. In this study, an attempt is made to analyze the OHC motility by using the shell theory. The OHC is modelled as a cylindrical composite shell and the function of the motor protein is taken into consideration. Substituting the estimated mechanical properties of the plasma membrane and cortical lattice to the shell model, the force generated by the OHC is obtained numerically. Then these mechanical properties are determined by comparing the numerically obtained OHC force with the experimental data of the previous report. Also the dynamic equations of the shell model are derived, and the dynamic behavior of the OHC is examined. The results indicate that the axial and circumferential stiffnesses of the cortical lattice are 1.3×10-2N/m and 2.0×10-2N/m, respectively, and that the numerically obtained dynamic behavior of the OHC is consistent with the experimental data.
  • 和田 仁, 百瀬 健二, 菅原 路子, 朴沢 孝治, 高坂 知節
    Otology Japan 8(5) 511-515 1998年  
    The middle ear of guinea pig has long been used for experimental studies. However, in spite of numerous otologic studies on guinea pig's middle ear, there are few investigations on measuring the size of each part of the middle ear. Therefore, in this study, a computer-aided 3-D reconstruction method was applied to the middle ear of a guinea pig, and the ossicles, tympanic membrane, ligaments and bulla were reconstructed three-dimensionally in detail. Then, the length, angle, volume and area of each part of the middle ear were obtained from these reconstructed images. Finally, the mechanism of the sound pressure enhancement in the middle ear was examined.
  • Hiroshi WADA, Michiko SUGAWARA
    Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 64(622) 1738-1743 1998年  
  • Proceedings of the International Conference on New Frontiers in Biomechanical Engineeringl 433-434 1997年  
  • Proceedings of Sendai Ear Symposium 7 75-78 1997年  
  • 和田 仁, 佐藤 邦彦, 菅原 路子, 池田 勝久, 古川 正幸, 高坂 知節
    Otol J 7(2) 102-108 1997年  
    Although the amplitude of tympanic membrane vibrations is only a few nanometers when we speak in a low voice, we can understand clearly what is being said. This is speculated to be due to the cochlear amplification which is based on the outer hair cell (OHC) motility.Many studies of measuring isolated OHC motility have been made. However, most of the measurements have been done by the photodiode technique, and the whole movement of OHC is unclear. Therefore, in this study, fast movements of the isolated OHC in response to the sinusoidal voltage stimuli were continuously measured using whole cell voltage clamp technique and high speed video system. The results were as follows:<BR>1. Although both cuticular plate and synaptic end of the OHC vibrated synchronously in response to the sinusoidal voltage stimuli at frequencies from 10Hz up to 550Hz, the phase lag existed between the left side of the OHC and the right one. This would be caused by the difference in the inertial force, in other words, the difference in the mass between the left side of the OHC and the right one.<BR>2. Sinusoidal voltage stimuli produced synchronous oscillatory motion of the OHC. However, due to the difference between the magnitude of the cell elongation and that of the cell shortening, the center of the oscillation shifted to the side of shortening, and the magnitude of this shift increased with an increase in the frequency. The DC shift of the OHC was estimated to contribute to the DC shift of the basilar membrane.
  • 日本機械学会論文集 63C 732-735 1997年  
  • Abstracts of the 20th ARO Annual Midwinter Research Meeting 72 1997年  
  • Proceedings of the International Conference on New Frontiers in Biomechanical Engineeringl 433-434 1997年  
  • Proceedings of Sendai Ear Symposium 7 75-78 1997年  
  • 和田 仁, 佐藤 邦彦, 菅原 路子, 池田 勝久, 古川 正幸, 高坂 知節
    Otology Japan 7(2) 102-108 1997年  
    Although the amplitude of tympanic membrane vibrations is only a few nanometers when we speak in a low voice, we can understand clearly what is being said. This is speculated to be due to the cochlear amplification which is based on the outer hair cell (OHC) motility.Many studies of measuring isolated OHC motility have been made. However, most of the measurements have been done by the photodiode technique, and the whole movement of OHC is unclear. Therefore, in this study, fast movements of the isolated OHC in response to the sinusoidal voltage stimuli were continuously measured using whole cell voltage clamp technique and high speed video system. The results were as follows:<BR>1. Although both cuticular plate and synaptic end of the OHC vibrated synchronously in response to the sinusoidal voltage stimuli at frequencies from 10Hz up to 550Hz, the phase lag existed between the left side of the OHC and the right one. This would be caused by the difference in the inertial force, in other words, the difference in the mass between the left side of the OHC and the right one.<BR>2. Sinusoidal voltage stimuli produced synchronous oscillatory motion of the OHC. However, due to the difference between the magnitude of the cell elongation and that of the cell shortening, the center of the oscillation shifted to the side of shortening, and the magnitude of this shift increased with an increase in the frequency. The DC shift of the OHC was estimated to contribute to the DC shift of the basilar membrane.
  • Hiroshi WADA, Kunihiko SATOH, Michiko SUGAWARA, Susumu TAKEUCHI, Katsuhisa IKEDA
    Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers 63(607) 732-735 1997年  
  • 和田 仁, 菅原 路子, 小林 俊光, 朴沢 孝治, 高坂 知節
    Otol J 6(1) 1-6 1996年  
    It is known that characteristic frequency (CF) distribution of cochlea is quite wide. It is also said that the basilar membrane (BM) configuration is complex and the BM plays an important role in its frequency selectivity. However, the relationship between the CF distribution of the cochlea and the BM configuration is not clear. Therefore, in this paper, the internal structures of the guinea pig cochlea, especially the BM configuration, were reconstructed and measured by using a computeraided three-dimensional reconstruction system. Then the influence of the BM configuration on its frequency characteristics was discussed. The results were as follows:<BR>1. Both the cross sectional area of the scala vestibuli and that of the scala tympani decreased with an increase in the distance from the basal turn towards the apical turn. However, decreasing rate of the cross sectional area of the scala tympani was larger than that of the scala vestibuli In the lower basal turn, the cross sectional area of the scala tympani was larger than that of the scala vestibuli, and in the lower apical turn, the cross sectional area of the scala vestibuli was larger than that of the scala tympani. On the contrary, the cross sectional area of the scala media was nearly uniform throughout the entire length of the cochlea.<BR>2. The width of the BM increased and its thickness decreased with an increase in the distance from the basal turn towards the apical turn.<BR>3. Although the BM configuration had some influence on its frequency characteristics, the wide CF distribution of the cochlea could not be explained only by its configuration change along the length of the cochlea. The changes of the density and Young's modulus of the BM and those of the cross sectional area of the scala vestibuli and scala tympani were estimated to affect the frequency characteristics of the BM.
  • 和田 仁, 菅原 路子, 小林 俊光, 朴沢 孝治, 高坂 知節
    Otology Japan 6(1) 1-6 1996年  
    It is known that characteristic frequency (CF) distribution of cochlea is quite wide. It is also said that the basilar membrane (BM) configuration is complex and the BM plays an important role in its frequency selectivity. However, the relationship between the CF distribution of the cochlea and the BM configuration is not clear. Therefore, in this paper, the internal structures of the guinea pig cochlea, especially the BM configuration, were reconstructed and measured by using a computeraided three-dimensional reconstruction system. Then the influence of the BM configuration on its frequency characteristics was discussed. The results were as follows:<BR>1. Both the cross sectional area of the scala vestibuli and that of the scala tympani decreased with an increase in the distance from the basal turn towards the apical turn. However, decreasing rate of the cross sectional area of the scala tympani was larger than that of the scala vestibuli In the lower basal turn, the cross sectional area of the scala tympani was larger than that of the scala vestibuli, and in the lower apical turn, the cross sectional area of the scala vestibuli was larger than that of the scala tympani. On the contrary, the cross sectional area of the scala media was nearly uniform throughout the entire length of the cochlea.<BR>2. The width of the BM increased and its thickness decreased with an increase in the distance from the basal turn towards the apical turn.<BR>3. Although the BM configuration had some influence on its frequency characteristics, the wide CF distribution of the cochlea could not be explained only by its configuration change along the length of the cochlea. The changes of the density and Young's modulus of the BM and those of the cross sectional area of the scala vestibuli and scala tympani were estimated to affect the frequency characteristics of the BM.

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