佐藤 浩一郎

In this study, to clarify factors related to impression evaluation of decorative films, we focused on spectral radiance ratio characteristics and attempted to clarify the relationship between these characteristics and impression evaluation. As a result, two characteristics: the "wavelength-dependent type", in which the spectral radiance ratio characteristic varies significantly with the magnitude of the wavelength, and the "angle-dependent type", in which it varies significantly with the angle of measurement, are each related to impression evaluation, such as depth perception. The former feature can be expressed as the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the spectral radiance ratio at highlights and was found to be related to saturation. On the other hand, the latter feature can be expressed by the difference between the maximum values of the spectral radiance ratios for semi-shades and shades, and was shown to be related to the difference in their luminance. Thus, the impression of the decorative film can be expressed by the spectral radiance ratio.

Previous studies have reported that depth perception is a major factor in the visual impression evaluation of various materials, such as wood and metal, and that the spectral radiance ratio may be involved in the depth perception evaluation of red materials. In this study, we focused on decorative films, that have been widely used in products in recent years and investigated the influence of their transparent layers and color on the spectral radiance ratio. As a result, it was confirmed that the thickness of the transparent layer on the surface of most decorative films has almost no effect on the spectral radiance ratio. It was also found that the spectral radiance ratio can be expressed in various colors, such as red, green, and blue. Furthermore, it was shown that the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the spectral radiance ratio under the highlight, which is close to the specular reflection light from the decorative films, has a high correlation with saturation and is related to impression evaluation.

Due to the increased number of the retired employees, who are engineering design experts, and the minimized human resources and period of the product development for the cost reduction, it has been suspected that their design know-hows are not handed down to young designers and are not succeeded. This study analyzed the design know-hows extracted from some mechanical designers, on the basis of the multipage design model and derived the issue about them. And then, this study further extracted the shape design know-hows, which can enhance the strength and stiffness by changing the design object's shape and can generally be applied to the design problems, and conducted the validity verification and the classification of them to construct the instruction method of them.

This paper describes a basic study on an emergent design system in which serendipity is exerted from interactions between computer and human. The system is proposed to support idea generation in the early design process. In the early design process, which is composed of conceptual and basic design, new and novel ideas of design should be obtained from global solution search because the design objective and conditions are unclear. Therefore, we propose an emergent design system, which enhances designers serendipity, intended to support idea generation. Serendipity is a natural ability to unexpectedly make interesting or valuable discoveries. This ability is influenced by designers experiences and knowledge. The possibility of generating new and novel design ideas will increase if we can utilize serendipity. This emergent design system consists of incidental form generation and representation methods. Based on form organizing phenomenon seen in nature, the system can generate diverse forms. These self-organized forms enable designers serendipity. Moreover, the designer can add or delete elements of the forms like clay modeling. In this process of modification, the designer will have more chance to get inspiration. We perform elementary experiments of this emergent design system with designers. As a result, we confirm both self-organization and representation methods help designers to generate design ideas with characteristic form by inspiring designers serendipity. Furthermore, the possibility, that the iterations of these functions propose more opportunities to exert designers serendipity during the computer-human interactions, is indicated.

デザインにおけるスケッチスキルの効果の解明を目的に，筆者らは過去の研究で，表現技法や展開技法などのスケッチスキルの関係性を表す「スケッチスキルの構造モデル」を提案した．しかし，本モデルは，形状や構造の導出を目的としたアイディアスケッチを基に提案されたものであるため，イメージの創出を目的としたラフスケッチも含めた効果を明確にする必要がある．<br>本研究では，「スケッチスキルの構造モデル」を用いたラフスケッチとアイディアスケッチに影響するスケッチスキルの解明を目的とした．そのために，ラフスケッチとアイディアスケッチの評価とその判別分析を行った．その結果，ラフスケッチにおいて形状の特徴表現，アイディアスケッチにおいて形状の正確な表現に関わるスケッチスキルが，それぞれに強く影響することを明らかにした．

This paper describes the design of a service system which belongs to a basic system realizing a Value Growth Mobility: a concept of next generation mobility intended to increase the different values that the user feels towards the mobility. The concept is proposed based on Timeaxis Design incorporating the viewpoint of time into the theory and methodology of design. To design this service system, the M-V model is used. This model is an integrated model of the M model, which focuses on design activity, and the V model, which visualizes a system development process. As the result of design, it is proposed a system consisting of subsystems including an emotion recognition system, a camera system, and a social networking service. These subsystems provide services encouraging the growth of values through interactions between the user and the mobility system.

本研究では,デザインにおける包括的な観点としての多空間デザインモデルに基づき,発想法と分析法を活用することで,的確なデザイン思考および新規性を有する解の導出を行うデザイン法を提案し,二つのデザイン事例に対する適用を行った.その結果,多空間を観点とすることで,多数のデザイン要素の位置づけや関係性を適切に整理したデザイン展開が行われ,場の多様性や変動に対応し得るデザイン解が導出される可能性が示された.さらに,発想法と分析法の両者を用いたことで,場と対象の関係による新たな状態が発想され,かつ,その状態を適切に具現化するためのデザイン解が導出される可能性が示された.以上より,提案したデザイン法が,的確なデザイン思考および新規性を有するデザイン解の導出において活用される可能性を示した.

This study strives to provide practical assistance to designers and engineers in selecting the most appropriate idea generation method currently utilized in the field of design. Based on the Multispace Design Model, the features from five viewpoints (design thinking, design knowledge, design object, design process, and design method) were used to classify 36 idea generation methods, which resulted in five distinct clusters. Additionally, by considering the relationships between the combinations of these five viewpoints and the clusters, we clarified each idea generation method with regard to practical design situations.

This study strives to provide practical assistance to designers and engineers in selecting the most appropriate analysis method currently utilized in the field of design. Based on the Multispace Design Model, the features from five viewpoints (design thinking, design knowledge, design object, design process, and design method) were used to classify 40 analysis methods, which resulted in six distinct clusters. Additionally, by considering the relationships between the combinations of these five viewpoints and the clusters, we clarified each analysis method with regard to practical design situations.

In this paper, we indicate the possibility of design methodology inspired by life system for the support of making the methodology of creative design activity. Therefore, the concept of "emergence" was shown by some phenomena in nature, and "emergent design", which is based on the concept of emergence and is able to derive diverse design solutions in unclear design conditions, was observed in comparison with optimum design, which is able to derive an optimized unique design solution in clear design condition. Moreover, we showed "emergent design system" inspired by the method of "emergent design" for the artifact design, and applied this system to actual artifact design. As a result, we indicated that this system was effective in deriving diverse design solutions. Finally, the possibility of emergent design for design methodology inspired by life system was indicated.