宮崎 良文

The relationship between physiological and psychological parameters caused by the stimulation of natural environmental elements was investigated. Sensory evaluation (SD method) and POMS (profile of mood states) were used as the psychological parameters. Autonomic nervous system (blood pressure, pulse rate and pupil size) and central nervous system (EEG) were used as the physiological parameters. The inhalation of vaporized essential oils (stimulation of sense of smell), touching of woods and so on (stimulation of sense of touch) and listening to forest sounds (stimulation of sense of hearing) were conducted. The inhalation of Formosan hinoki wood oil was felt to be “natural" and decreased mood factor scores of “tension” and “fatigue”. Blood pressure declined by the inhalation. The touching of woods(hinoki and sugi)was felt to be “natural and refreshing” and reduced blood pressure. Listening to forest sounds was felt to be “refreshing” and decreased blood flow in the brain. It is concluded that psychological and physiological parameters changed concomitantly.

To investigate an effect of inhalation of Taiwan Hinoki ( Chamaecyparis taiwanensis Matum. et Suzuki ) wood oil of 3 different concentrations on mood, we measured pupillary light reflex, blood pressure, R - R interval, and performance indicating changes in mood. Six female students were used as subjects of the study. Control experiments were conducted similarly without odor. The results indicated that 1) maximum constriction acceleration of the pupil increased and blood pressure decreased after inhalation of the Taiwan Hinoki oil, 2) the speed of performing " letter cancellation " increased after inhalation of Taiwan Hinoki oil, and 3) maximum constriction acceleration of the pupil increased and blood pressure decreased along with increase in the intensity of the odor. We concluded that inhalation of the Taiwan Hinoki oil caused a physiological change and the change differed by the intensity of the odor.

森林環境学の立場から生気象学の思想について論じた.健康と快適性が重要な視点となる.特に, 快適性に関しては, 健康と安全性の方が優先されることは当然であるが, 今, 生気象学の中にあって重要な位置を占めている.本論文においては, 第1に森林環境と生気象学のかかわりについて論じた.第2に今後の重要な視点となる快適性について考察した.さらに, 第3に森林環境が人の快適性や健康に及ぼす影響に関して我々の報告を中心に紹介した.学際的な学問である生気象学において, 森林環境と人の関係を健康と快適性の観点から解明することが, 今後, 重要である.

ヒノキ精油成分カジネンが腎臓, 肺, 副腎, 精巣におけるチトクロームP-450の組織内分布に及ぼす影響をフェノバルビタール (PB) 誘導分子種とメチルコラントレン (MC) 誘導分子種に分けて調べた.ウィスター系, 雄のラットを使い, 抗ラットPB-P-450および抗ラットMC-P-450家兎血清を用いて免疫組織学的に検索した.その結果, 第1に肺, 副腎, 精巣の各臓器でPB誘導分子種が増加していること, 第2にこれらの各臓器においてはMC誘導分子種は増加していないこと, 第3に腎臓ではPBおよびMC誘導分子種は増加していないことが明らかになった.

In order to investigate the circadian variations in acute toxicity of trichloroethylene (TRI), TRI (1.2 g/kg weight) or saline was injected intraperitoneally in a total of 88 male Wistar rats at four circadian stages (03.00,09.00,15.00,and 21.00:hr.min) under two different lighting regimens of a 12:12 hr light-dark cycle (LD; light from 06.00 to 18.00) and of constant darkness (DD). Circadian variations in TRI toxicity were confirmed in both LD and DD. The toxicity of TRI evaluated by the increase in glutamic-pyruvate transaminase activity (GPT) was greatest when injected at 09.00 in LD while at 21.00 in DD. The increases in blood urea nitrogen, serum total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations reached peaks when injected at 09.00 in LD and at 03.00 in DD. The circadian variations in serum trichloroethanol concentration were very similar to those in GPT in both LD and DD, showing a significant correlation (p < 0.05). The present study revealed that circadian variations in TRI toxicity existed in LD and that these variations persisted in a free-running condition. The peak phase of TRI toxicity was located in a trough phase (09.00) in LD and in a peak phase (21.00 or 03.00) in DD of temperature rhythm. Thus, the phase relationship changed in DD, showing a desynchronization between TRI toxicity rhythm and temperature rhythm, which is an unusual phenomenon. This means that an unexpected potentiation of TRI toxicity during active phase which is not a critical phase in a well-synchronized state could occur in a free-running condition. © 1990.

肝臓のミクロゾームの数種のチトクロームP-450分子種に及ぼすヒノキ (Chamaecyparis obtusa) 材の精油の影響を, オスのウィスター系ラットを用いて調べた.その結果, 第1に, ヒノキ精油の腹腔内投与 (300mg/kg, ×2) により, P-450の総含量は50%の増加 (p<0.01) を示すこと, 第2に, ウェスタンブロッティングによる免疫化学的定量から, P450 PB-4とPB-5が, 対照に比べ12倍に増加していること, 第3に, P450 MC-5は増加していないことが明らかとなった.これらの分子種の変動は, テストステロン水酸化活性, 7-エトキシクマリン脱エチル化活性, および, HPLCによる溶出パターンから確認された.

寒冷曝露 (4℃) によるチトクロームP-450の肝臓組織内分布の変化について, 抗ラットPB-P-450家兎血清を用いて免疫組織学的に検討した.<br /> PB-P-450を多く含む肝細胞は, 24℃飼育ラットでは肝小葉内中心静脈の周囲に局在していたが, 寒冷曝露4週間ラットでは肝小葉全体に分布していた.この曝露4週群におけるPB-P-450陽性細胞において, その反応は強陽性であり, 細胞質内のPB-P-450陽性顆粒も, 対照群に比べ密に認められた.寒冷曝露3週間ラットではPB-P-450分布は中間的な変化を示し, 寒冷曝露1, 2週間ラットでは, 24℃飼育ラットと比べ免疫組織学的に有意な変化は認められなかった.<br /> 寒冷曝露4週間ラットでは生化学的方法にて測定されるアミノピリン代謝速度の上昇を認め, この結果はPB-P-450陽性の肝細胞数の増加, 細胞内のPB-P-450陽性顆粒の密度の増加と対応しているものと考えられた.

©,The interaction of cytochrome P-450 and dichloromethane (DCM) was investigated spectrophotometrically in the perfused rat liver. DCM bound to cytochrome P-450 and showed a type I spectral change, with a peak at 450 nm. The peak at 450 nm was developed by addition of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO) to the perfusate. By examining the pattern of the spectral change, we concluded that CO formed during DCM metabolism by cytochrome P-450 bound to cytochrome P-450 in the perfused liver.