山本 健

＜文献概要＞検査の意義と適応 日常診療においてリンパ球由来のサイトカインや上皮細胞由来サイトカインを直接測定することは容易ではない。これらサイトカインはターゲットとなる細胞やその周囲の組織に受容体が高発現しており,速やかにパラクラインもしくはオートクライン因子として作用するため,ヒトの血液中にはきわめて微量にしか存在しない。血中濃度はおおよそ[pg/mL]のオーダーであり,測定するためには高感度な実験系が求められる。

In serum proteomics using mass spectrometry, the number of detectable proteins is reduced due to high-abundance proteins, such as albumin. However, recently developed data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry (DIA-MS) proteomics technology has made it possible to remarkably improve the number of proteins in a serum analysis by removing high-abundance proteins. Using this technology, we analyzed sera from patients with systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (sJIA), a rare pediatric disease. As a result, we identified 2727 proteins with a wide dynamic range derived from various tissue leakages. We also selected 591 proteins that differed significantly in their active phases. These proteins were involved in many inflammatory processes, and we also identified immunoproteasomes, which were not previously found in serum, suggesting that they may be involved in the pathogenesis of sJIA. A detailed high-depth DIA-MS proteomic analysis of serum may be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of sJIA and may provide clues for the development of new biomarkers.