松浦 健治郎

This paper aims to clarify reorganization and urban design of civic center by War Rehabilitation Project after the World War II, analyzing cases of 22 prefectural capital cities based on Japanese Castle-Towns. Findings are as follows: 1) governmental and municipal offices tended to be accumulated near castle area after the World War II, 2) reorganization of civic center from before to after the World War II are grouped into three types, and most of them are the Keeping type which was kept in the same place as before the World War II and expanded, 3) in the case of forming civic center inside castle area before the World War II, civic center tended to be kept in the same place as before the World War II and seen urban design applying the elements of Japanese Castle-Towns, 4) urban design of paying attention to "Axis" tended to be kept and urban design of paying attention to "Class" tended to be disappeared after the World War II, 5) urban design of paying attention to main street built by War Rehabilitation Project after the World War II were seen in the cities of all types.

This paper aims to clarify how to form Civic Center in Castle area in relation to Castle-Towns basis analyzing cases of prefectural capital 17 Cities based on Japanese Castle-Towns from Meiji and Taisho era to the early Showa era. Findings are as follows: 1) Government and municipal offices tended to be dispersed, 2) The whole government and municipal offices tended to be located outside Castle area, but those which formed Civic Center tended to be located inside Castle area, 3) Paying attention to "Class" and "Axis" as space elements of making Castle area, as a result of analyzing relationship between those and Civic Center, we discover various Urban Design method of Civic Center such as Discrimination by locating Prefectural office in the site of the main enclosure of a castle and making identified and symbolic Urban Space by locating government and municipal offices together along moat or skirts of a mountain or main streets.

本研究では、近世城下町を基盤とする軍都５都市を対象として、城郭周辺部に官公庁施設の立地が不可能な場合、官庁街をどのように形成して明治期の都心改編を行ったのか、その全体像を明らかにすることを目的とする。 その結果、明らかとなったのは、１）官公庁施設は旧来の商業地区に近接する形で設置されたこと、２）官庁街の形成は各都市独自の都市デザイン思想の下に行われていたこと、３）官庁街の形成は、明治・大正期における城下町都市の新たな都市骨格を組み立てる重要な役割を果たしたこと、である。