日比野 治雄

In this study, our aim is to clarify the color combination rules of the human-preferred Papilionidae butterflies as aesthetic objects. A set of 118 butterfly images, including color polyphenism from the 47 Papilionidae species that are generally preferred by humans, was selected. These images were classified using hierarchical cluster analysis based on similarities of lightness, chroma, and hue attributes in CIELAB space, determined using histogram intersection. Then, the color distributions and combinations in each cluster were analyzed using a Gaussian mixture model and the color combination types defined in the present study. Accordingly, we obtained the following main color combination rules of human-preferred Papilionidae: (a) dominant low lightness and contrasting lightness components, (b) dominant low chroma and similar chroma components, and (c) dominant orange to yellow-green hue and similar hue components. These rules partly agree with the robust harmony principles found in previous research. We infer that the cognitive effects concerning the processing fluency through these color combination rules influence human aesthetic responses.

Trypophobia refers to disgust for a cluster of objects, and is considered an extension of disgust for dangerous objects. Furthermore, trypophobic images possess certain spatial properties that can induce perceptually unpleasant states (i.e., visual discomfort). We examined whether trypophobia is associated with disgust sensitivity, empathic traits, and visual discomfort. Japanese adults (n�=�126) completed four scales: the Trypophobia Questionnaire, which measures trypophobia proneness the Disgust Scale-Revised, which measures disgust sensitivity the Interpersonal Reactivity Index, which measures empathic traits and the Visual Discomfort Scale, which measures proneness to visual discomfort. Trypophobia proneness was found to be predicted by Core disgust sensitivity (i.e., threat of disease), Personal Distress (i.e., the empathic trait of self-oriented emotional distress), and proneness to visual discomfort. We suggest a number of potential factors relating to individual differences in trypophobia and the possible cognitive and perceptual mechanisms underlying trypophobia.