岸川 圭希

<p>N,N'-bis(3,4,5-trialkyloxyphenyl)glutaramide and malonamide were synthesized and characterized. Both of the compounds exhibited a columnar liquid crystal phase in a wide temperature range including room temperature. In the second harmonic generation measurements, they showed polarization reversal by an applied external electric field in the liquid crystal temperature range including room temperature. In addition, the glutaramide derivative showed partial polarization maintenance even after removal of the external electric field.</p>

<p>Development of organic ferroelectrics in columnar liquid crystals (FCLCs) is desired for functional materials with flexibility and low environmental load. Though FCLCs have been achieved by adjusting the molecular shapes or the hydrogen bonds, the strong intra-columnar interaction between mesogenic cores generally results in high temperatures (> 100 °C) exhibiting FCLCs. Here, a low-temperature FCLC (> 63 °C) was generated in a urea compound with racemic branched alkyl chains. Introducing the bulky chains appropriately reduced the intra-columnar interaction, and the urea compound had high fluidity even at low temperatures, exhibiting polarization switching and polarization maintenance.</p>

<p>In this study, we have aimed to achieve high-ordering and spontaneous chiral induction of columnar liquid crystal phases driven by the tight packing of peripheral bent tail-shaped chains. We synthesized a disk-shaped molecule surrounded by six oleyl groups, and investigated the generation of a helical structure in the column, and the high-ordering of intercolumnar packing structure. We also evaluated the spontaneous chiral induction. The results suggested that the introduction of the bent tail-shaped chain is effective for the high-ordering of the columnar phases.</p>