椎名 武夫

The effects of vibration on the growth of aerobic mesophilic bacteria and coliform bacteria, and the survival of inoculated Escherichia coli O157:H7 or Listeria monocytogenes were studied on the strawberry fruits. Post-vibrated strawberries were stored at 10 degrees C and 25 degrees C and the periodic microbial count was observed for 4 days. It was found that vibrated strawberries caused increase of aerobic mesophilic and/or coliform bacteria oil post storage incubation at 25 degrees C (P < 0.01), while vibration treatment did not affect the growth of mesophilic bacteria, if stored at 10 degrees C. L. monocytogenes levels on vibrated strawberries stored at 10 degrees C and 25 degrees C were slightly lower than that of non-vibrated strawberries, but the difference was not significant. E. coli O15TH7 level for vibrated fruits stored at 10 degrees C showed slightly but significantly lower value than that for non-vibrated fruits (P < 0.01). On the other hand, E. coli 0 1 57:H7 levels on vibrated and non-vibrated strawberries stored at 25 degrees C increased during storage (P < 0.05). The results showed that vibration caused a significant increase of bacteria on strawberry fruits stored at 25 degrees C. but non-significant when stored at 10 degrees C.

Demand and supply of fresh-cut vegetables keeps the increasing trend during the last decade depending on the increase of consumer needs for the convenience. According to the survey report on the fresh-cut vegetables in 1999 (Association of Minimally Processed Fruits and Vegetables industries, AMPFV), there are 161 enterprises producing fresh-cut products in Japan. The sale was estimated to be about 50 billion yen in 1999, and its growth rate from 1990 to 1999 was 6% per year. In 2002, 31%, 23%, 12% and 7% of sales were shared by the food service industry, supermarket, takeout and convenience store, respectively. Raw materials including cabbage, onion, carrot, lettuce, Japanese radish, edible burdock, potato, Welsh onion, Chinese cabbage, pumpkin, sweet pepper and cucumber are used for fresh-cut vegetables. Total input of the vegetables to the fresh-cut production was reported to be 92,672 t in 2002 (AMPFV). In 2002, imported vegetables including onion (3097 t), edible burdock (1221 t), carrot (762 t), Welsh onion (647 t), cabbage (180 t) and pumpkin (148 t) which were mainly imported from China, USA and New Zealand were used.

イチゴなどの軟弱な青果物は, 流通過程での振動, 衝撃により容易に損傷を受ける。本研究では, 従来ほとんど検討されていない加速度1.0G以下の範囲において, イチゴ果実の損傷に及ぼす周波数および振動方向の影響を検討した。振動処理は, 現行の形態で包装されたもの (果実2段詰めのトレイを段ボール箱詰め) を, ロープで振動台に固定して行った。上下振動での振動台とイチゴ果実との間の加速度伝達率を, 加速度0.2～0.75G, 周波数3～30Hzで測定した結果, 加速度伝達率は加速度と周波数に依存性を示し, 加速度が大きいほど加速度伝達率のピークは小さく, 低周波数側にシフトする傾向が見られた。0.6Gでは, 加速度伝達率が12～30Hzで1.0より大きく, 20Hzで最大値4.2を示し, 30Hzでは2.6であった。加速度0.6G, 周波数5, 20, 30Hzでイチゴ果実を加振処理した結果, 損傷程度は20Hz>30Hz>>5Hzであり, 加速度伝達率が大きく影響した。また, 振動方向の影響を検討した結果, 損傷程度は前後振動>左右振動>>上下振動であった。以上より, イチゴの損傷発生には, 加速度だけでなく周波数および振動方向が強く影響することが分かった。

In order to supply high quality garlic cloves (Allium sativum L.), effects of storage temperature and gas composition on quality changes of the bulbs were examined. In general, respiration rate of fresh produce is increased with higher temperature, but garlic bulbs showed higher respiration rate during storage at 5 and 10 degrees C than that at 25 degrees C. Promotion of elongation of sprouts and roots at 5 and 10 degrees C were confirmed. Therefore, energy required for elongation as a result of breakage of dormancy would enhance the respiration rate. On the other hand, the higher the temperature, the greater the respiration rates of garlic bulbs pre-stored at -2 degrees C after harvest. Low oxygen content (3% of oxygen) effectively inhibited respiration rates and elongation of sprouts and roots of the bulbs.

This study was conducted at Gazole in the Malda district of West Bengal, India, by both the physical monitoring and questionnaire survey to evaluate the local parboiling processes (vessel, small-boiler and medium-boiler). The biomass consumption and head rice yield were measured and the market values were assessed by a questionnaire. The net present worth (NPW), payback period and internal rate of return were also determined. The parboiled rice produced under boiler processes had a higher market value (US$157.4/t) compared to the vessel (US$151.6/t), but required a greater initial investment. The boiler processes were reported to be less tedious and provided a better working environment compared to the vessel. The head rice yield was estimated to be 65.9%, 69.2% and 66.6% for the vessel, small-boiler and medium-boiler process, respectively. The medium-boiler consumed the lowest amount of energy (1659 MJ/t) compared to the others. The cost analysis of the parboiling processes revealed that all the processes are economically viable, but the small-boiler was found to be the most attractive, having the shortest payback period and the highest internal rate of return. The local parboiling process can be improved in terms of the energy consumption and the market value of the rice by adopting the medium-boiler process. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

We have previously shown a significant decrease in the ethylene production in tomato fruit from the RIN/rin genotype. In this present study, we evaluated the amount of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and the gene expression and enzymatic activities of ACC synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO) to find which type of regulation influenced this low ethylene production. The results suggest that the decreased ethylene production was due to transcriptional regulation of the ACS and ACO genes by the heterozygous effect of the rin gene.

Changes in volatile aroma constituents of tree ripened (TR) and mature green (MG) 'Irwin' mangoes stored at 5 degrees C for 20 and 30 days were determined by headspace solid phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Terpenes were the major volatile compounds of 'Irwin' mangoes, amongst which alpha-terpinolene was likely the main volatile compound responsible for the typical sweet aroma of this cultivar. Storage at low temperature caused a negligible reduction in terpenes of both TR and MG fruits. However, storage induced a significant increase in the production of off-odors. Off-odors were detected more often in MG fruits and appeared after 20 days, whereas in TR fruits they were observed after 30 days of storage. The occurrence of heptenal, decenal, heptanol, and nonenal that are likely responsible for the generation of off-odors in the pulp during the low temperature storage, are likely due to the increased biosynthesis of those aldehydes rather than the reduction of terpenes.

Rice is a staple food for nearly two-thirds of the world’s population, including Japan. Rice is consumed in various forms (brown, germinated brown, white and parboiled rice), which consume different amount of energy in the life cycle of rice. This study attempts to evaluate the life cycle of rice (brown, white and parboiled rice) to determine an energy efficient rice production and consumption patterns to reduce environmental pollutions. The study revealed that the treated (parboiled) rice consumed more energy, hence emit greater amount of CO₂ compared to the untreated (white) and brown rice.

トマトは、購入額、抗酸化性等の機能性の観点から、非常に重要な野菜である。その栽培適温は、10～25℃程度と比較的狭く、生産場所の気候条件によっては、暖房や冷房を必要とする。一方、高品質のトマトを供給するためには、品質変化を抑制するための低温やガス組成制御等による流通が必要となる。本研究では、生産および流通条件の異なる国内消費向け生鮮トマトについてLCIAを実施し、環境負荷低減のための方策を探った。

青果物はビタミン、ミネラル、食物繊維に富み、健康の維持・増進、病気予防に対する効果が期待されている。本研究では、野菜の持続可能な消費を探るライフサイクルアセスメントにおける価値指標の開発を目的として、野菜の価値として最も重要と考えられる栄養・機能性を主体とした指標の開発を目的とする。

Methyl bromide (CH3Br) has been used widely for extermination of Curculio skkimensis (Heller) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in chestnuts. Based on the Montreal Protocol, the use Of CH3Br is strictly limited because of its Ozone Depletion Potential. After the regulation of the use of CH3Br, an alternative method is highly required to control Curculio skkimensis. Recent study suggested that it is possible to exterminate Curculio skkimensis by cold storage. During the cold storage, sugar is accumulated in chestnuts. Unfortunately, this method is not put to practical use because it is difficult to control high humidity at constant low temperature. In this study, indirect cooling system ('Hyou-zou-ko') enables to maintain high humidity stably at low temperature was applied for storage of chestnuts. The effect of high humidity and low temperature on the extermination of Curculio skkimensis, eating quality, and the accumulation of sugar in chestnuts were discussed.

The ripening inhibitor (rin) mutation of tomato yields non-ripening fruit, and the gene corresponding to RIN, LeMADS-RIN, is known to encode a transcriptional factor that controls ripening-related genes. In this study, to evaluate the heterozygosity effect of rin on fruit ripening, we developed eight F-1 hybrid lines of the rin mutant from various crosses between the lines of the rin mutant and wild type. In the fruit of these F-1 hybrid lines, the shelf-life was improved, but both the shelf-life and colouring varied between the lines. We then chose one line of the F-1 hybrids and investigated the physiological and transcriptional properties of the fruit. Compared with the wild-type parent, this F-1 line showed about half the lycopene content, lower fruit softening and lower mRNA accumulation of the genes that encode phytoene synthase (Psy), polygalacturonase (PG), beta-galactosidase (TBG4) and expansin (LeEXP1). The characteristic climacteric rise in ethylene production typically observed in the wild-type parent during fruit maturation was not observed in the fruit of this F-1 line. The genes that encode ethylene biosynthetic enzymes, namely 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase (ACS2 and ACS4) and ACC oxidase (ACO1), were, however, significantly expressed in the F-1 hybrid, suggesting that the post-transcriptional regulator for activating these enzymes is affected by LeMADS-RIN. These results suggest that the heterologous effect of LeMADS-RIN in F-1 hybrids affects the gene transcription and activation of ripening-related factors, resulting in changes in fruit properties, including the extension of the shelf-life.

Most fruits and vegetables demand low temperature and high humidity, around 0 degrees C and more than 80% RH, when they are being stored. On the other hand, optimum relative humidity for some root and fruit vegetables is around 60-70% RH since they suffer from microbial spoilage when they are stored under higher humidity condition. Water content after long-term storage often does not show the difference between the initial value and the final value although there is much weight loss of the produce. In this study, we proposed a model that illustrates the mass balance of the water within the produce to understand the maintenance of the initial water content during storage. The model was applied to garlic storage and its potentiality was validated through storage tests under different temperature and gas composition.

Respiration rate is the necessary parameter for designing the storage conditions. In the present investigation, the effects of storage temperatures (5, 10, 15, 20, 25degreesC) and gas composition on the O-2 consumption and the CO2 production have been studied by using the flow through system. The ratio of the respiration rate under controlled atmosphere (CA) conditions (1.6 to 20.7% O-2, 0.2 to 10.2% CO2, balanced with N-2) were calculated against the values under normal air condition. As a result, it was found that a decrease in O-2 concentration suppressed O-2 uptake at each temperature involving an increase of the respiratory quotient. On the other hand, an increase in CO2 concentration up to 10% suppressed both O-2 uptake and CO2 output at 5-15degreesC with almost a constant respiratory quotient. Thus, low temperature combined with CA having 5-10% CO2 will be effective to suppress the respiration rate of tree-ripe 'Irwin' mango fruit, and O-2 should be higher than 5% to avoid anaerobic respiration.

<p>地域における食料資源の流通を診断するモデルを開発するために、原重量、窒素、炭素を指標とした食品産業の物質フローを調査した。この物質フローを簡易に作成することができるように、官庁統計ならびに各種調査報告書、文献等のみを用いてフロー量を推計した。本研究では、物質フロー・モデルの対象として茨城県を取り上げ、1990年と1995年の統計を使用して食料資源の投入から廃棄に至るまでのフローを解析した。この結果、茨城県の食品産業は食料自給率、食品廃棄物、外食産業に関連した３つの特徴が見られた。原重量ベースによる食料自給率は、1990年で約24%であったが、1995 年では約14%まで減少した。原重量ベースによる食品廃棄物量は、1990年で63.8万トン、1995年では69.3万トンとほぼ横ばいに推移していたが、同年とも茨城県内で消費される食料の約30%が食品廃棄物として発生しており、発生抑制に向けた取り組みが不可欠であった。外食産業では、県外からの食料流通量の増加率が最も高く、食の外部化が進んでいると考えられた。本研究で開発された物質フロー・モデルにより、地域レベルにおける食料資源フローの実態が明らかになった。また、本手法は基本的に既存統計のみを使用しており、比較的簡易に作成することができるため、地域を一次的に診断するモデルとして有効である。</p>

Greenhouse-grown tree ripe (TR) and mature green (MG) mangoes (cv. Irwin) were exposed to high electric field treatment before 20 and 30 days of storage at 5 degreesC. MG fruits were allowed to ripen at room temperature after low-temperature storage. Fruit physical quality attributes, ascorbic acid, carotene, quercetin, total phenols, and antioxidant capacity were estimated before and after the storage period. Antioxidant capacity of fruit juice was estimated using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Fruit firmness decreased significantly during storage. Titratable acidity decreased 20 days after storage. Total soluble solids did not change during storage. Antioxidant capacity of fruits remained unchanged up to 20 days of storage period and decreased thereafter. Total phenol and carotenes increased during storage. Antioxidant capacity of fruits was significantly correlated only to ascorbic acids. Peel color and carotenes were higher in TR fruits, whereas titratable acidity and firmness were higher in MG fruits. There was no significant difference in other parameters between the stages of picking. Electric field pretreatment affected the respiration and antioxidant capacity of TR fruits and did not have any significant affect on other parameters. TR mangoes of cv. Irwin are more suitable for low-temperature storage and can be successfully stored for up to 20 days at 5 degreesC without any significant losses in functional properties and quality attributes.

Tree-ripe 'Irwin' Mangoes grown under greenhouses in Japan have excellent quality. Unfortunately, their harvesting period is very limited and storability is very poor. Therefore, a method for preserving the fruit quality is highly required. Temperature and gas composition are the most important factors affecting the rate of respiration and ultimately the fruit quality attributes. Respiration rate is the necessary parameter for designing the storage conditions. In the present investigation, the effects of storage temperature (5, 15, or 25 degreesC) and gas composition on the O-2 consumption and the CO2 production have been studied by using the flow through system. The ratios of the respiration rate under controlled atmosphere conditions (1.6 to 20.7% O-2, 0.2 to 10.2% CO2, balanced with N-2) were calculated against the values under normal air condition. Data obtained on respiration rate and respiration quotient suggest that low temperature in combination with CA gas composition around 10% CO2 and 5% O-2 will be effective to suppress the respiration rate of tree-ripe 'Irwin' mango.

樹上完熟'Irwin'マンゴーを用いて, CAガス環境下の呼吸速度について調査を行い, 以下の知見を得た。<BR>(1) 5℃, 15℃, 25℃の三つの温度区で呼吸速度測定を行った結果, 温度と呼吸速度の問には片対数グラフ上で直線関係が得られた。<BR>(2) 5℃で約1カ月間の保存において低温障害はみられなかった。<BR>(3) O₂濃度の違いはCO₂排出速度にほとんど影響を与えなかった。一方, O₂吸収速度はO₂濃度の減少に伴って減少し, その結果, 呼吸商が増大した。しかし, 5℃のO₂濃度10%以上の条件ではO₂吸収速度, 呼吸商ともに変化はみられなかった。<BR>(4) CO₂濃度の上昇によって, 5℃, 15℃においては, O₂吸収速度, CO₂排出速度がともに抑制され, 呼吸商にはほとんど変化がみられなかった。その傾向は5℃でより顕著であった。<BR>以上のことより, 樹上完熟'Irwin'マンゴーの呼吸抑制には, 5℃程度の低温, 10%程度の高CO₂濃度を保ち, 極端な低O₂状態を避けることが有効である。

低酸素環境に対するエダマメやミニトマト果実の呼吸やエチレン生成の応答性について検討した.雰囲気酸素濃度を21%から3.5%へと急減させた前後の酸素吸収, 二酸化炭素排出およびエチレン生成速度を測定した.低酸素環境に変更することによってガス代謝速度は指数関数的に減少すると仮定した数学モデルは実測値とよく一致し, 新たに定義された応答速度定数Kによって低酸素濃度に対する各ガス代謝の応答性の定量的な評価が可能となった.K値は, 酸素吸収, 二酸化炭素排出, エチレン生成でそれぞれ異なり, 特に二酸化炭素排出の応答が鈍いことが明らかとなった.また, 二酸化炭素排出のK値は青果物の種類, 熟度によっても異なった.これらの結果は, ガス代謝過程の違いや, ガスの溶解度, 果皮面の透過性および果肉組織の構造といった物理的性質の違いが原因しているかもしれない.

Electrical conductivity was investigated in relation to percent pared fruit or damage indexes prepared by manually paring strawberries and stimulating bruising with a 3-dimensional vibrator. The conductivity was associated with the percent pared fruit (0 to 40%) or damage indexes (1 to 5) of strawberries, with correlation coefficients of 0.938 and 0.917 at P less than or equal to 0.05, respectively. Furthermore, the bruising caused by the 3-dimensional vibrator resulted in increases in electrical conductivity in response to vibrating time and vibrating force. The decrease in electrical conductivity of strawberries treated with the vibrator during 2 d of storage at 25 degreesC and 80% relative humidity may be due to wound healing of the fruit. Electrical conductivity exhibited potential for quantitatively evaluating damage of strawberries during transportation and marketing.

本研究では, エダマメの修正ガス環境下における呼吸速度予測モデルを構築することを目的とし, 種々の温度, O₂濃度下でのO₂吸収, CO₂排出速度を通気法により測定した。過去に報告されている Michaelis-Menten 酵素反応速度論に基づくモデルに実測値をあてはめたところ, 極めて高い適合性が認められた。反応動力学定数K_m, V_maxが Arrhenius 型の温度依存性を示したことを考慮し, 呼吸速度に対する温度効果についても記述できるようモデルを拡張した。このモデルによって, 種々の温度, O₂濃度下でのエダマメの呼吸速度が予測可能となった。

A theoretical model of the atmosphere within polymeric film and shipping containers was developed and validated by experiments with or without Welsh onion (Allium fistulosum L.). There were three processes in the model: respiration of fresh vegetables, permeability of gas in polymeric film and permeability of gas in the shipping container. The respiration rate of Welsh onion was expressed in a multiple regression equation. When empty packages were used, changes in carbon dioxide (CO2) and oxygen (O2) concentrations inside the unperforated polypropylene (OPP) film packaging and expanded polystyrene (EPS) containers agreed very well with the simulated data. These results indicate the suitability of the proposed model. Changes in CO2 and O2 concentrations in the EPS container were approximated when Welsh onion was placed in the film package. The predicted CO2 and O2 concentrations in the OPP film differed slightly from the experimental data obtained with a maximum of 1.5% and 1.2%, respectively, but gas correlated significantly with the model. Therefore, the simulation model may be useful for fresh vegetables wrapped with polymeric film and then encased in shipping containers.

The volume changes of three kinds of beans (soybeans, adzuki beans and kidney beans) in soaking were determined utilizing the measured results of the particle density and the bulk density. The particle densities of samples were measured by the liquid displacement method using a pycnometer at several moisture contents and temperatures, respectively. Utilizing the definition of the specific volume (dry basis) and the moisture content (dry basis) and the defined equation for the coefficient of thermal expansion, a new empirical equation with three parameters relating moisture content and temperature to specific volume was derived. These parameters were determined by applying the non-liner least squares method to the equation, and the measured results agreed well with the calculated results from the new empirical equation. In addition, the bulk densities and the specific volumes in bulk, which are the reciprocal of the bulk densities, were related to the quadratic function of moisture content, respectively.

Effect of preservatives was investigated on semi-continuous digestion of sweet potato raw starch by Chalara paradoxa glucoamylase which digests both raw and gelatinized starch. Potassium metabisulfite strongly inhibited raw starch digesting activity (RDA) although gelatinized starch digesting activity was only slightly inhibited. Potassium sorbate, among the preservatives examined, showed the weakest inhibition (below 10%) on RDA. In the presence of potassium sorbate, semi-continuous digestion of sweet potato raw starch in a 20L scale hollow fiber UF membrane pilot reactor proceeded efficiently at 30% (w/v) initial concentration of raw starch at pH 5.0 and 40-degrees-C. Glucose production was 5.7 to 6.0 g/hr/L.

低密度ポリエチレン (LDPE) の30μmおよび50μm厚を対照にして, 市販の「機能性フィルム」6種類のエチレン透過性を簡易なパウチ法とLyssy法で, また窒素・酸素・二酸素, 二酸化炭素透過性もLyssy法で測定し, 併せて20℃の貯蔵条件下で個別包装したプロッコリーの品質安定性を検討した。<BR>1) エチレン, 酸素, 二酸化炭素ともガス透過性の高いフィルムは, EVAフィルム, 無機多孔質混入フィルム1種類および対照のLDPE (30μm) であった。代表的な無機多孔質混入フィルムのエチレン透過性は, LDPE (50μm) とほぼ同じ値であった。<BR>2) 簡易法とLyssy法で得られたエチレン透過性の値はほぼ同程度であり, 本簡易法が有用であることを示した。<BR>3) エチレン, 酸素等の透過性の高いフィルムが, 貯蔵中におけるブロッコリーの異臭の発生が少なく, 総合的な官能評点も他のフィルムより高かった。<BR>以上の結果から, 市販「機能性フィルム」のエチレン透過性とブロッコリーの品質安定性をガス透過性との関連で考察した。

カット野菜の小袋包装内ガス組成のモデル化によるガス組成の解析, 及び小袋包装によるカットキャベツの保存試験を行い, 包装単位及びカット幅の小袋内ガス組成及び品質に及ぼす影響について検討し, 次の結果を得た.<br>1. カットキャベツの呼吸速度の温度係数Q₁₀値はカット幅によらず一定であり, 産物固有のものであることが示唆された.<br>2. 包材のガス透過度が小さいほど, また包装単位が大きいほど (小袋の〔表面積/内容量〕の値が小さいほど), 酸素濃度は低く, 二酸化炭素濃度は高くなった.<br>3. 包材のガス透過度が小さく, また包装単位が大きいほど (小袋の〔表面積/内容量〕の値が小さいほど)小袋内の異臭の発生量が多く, 内容品の褐変度は小さい傾向にあった.<br>4. 保存温度, 呼吸速度, 包材のガス透過度, 小袋の表面積, 内容量, カット幅等をパラメータとして, 小袋包装内ガス移動をモデル化したモデルを作成した. このモデルは, 正常呼吸の範囲内で実測値と良く一致した.<br>5. モデルを用いれば, 保存温度, 内容物の呼吸速度, 包装の単位が定まれば, 最適な包材の選択が可能である.

1983年5月に収穫した小型タマネギ(ペコロス，品種 貝塚早生)を7月と9月にガンマー線照射(10，30，70Gy)した。照射ペコロスを5℃に貯蔵し，貯蔵中における萌芽率の増加，呼吸速度の変化，重量の減少，物理的性質の変化などについて調べた。各照射区ともに，9月から12月にかけて萌芽が始まり，12月には約半数のペコロスが萌芽した。12月以降には，照射区では萌芽数の増加が止まったが，非照射区では引き続き萌芽し，1984年3月にはほぼ全部が萌芽した。12月の時点では芽の長さは照射線量の増加とともに短くなり，照射により芽の成長が抑制されることがわかった。貯蔵中，萌芽数の増加に伴って呼吸速度は増加し，重量は減少したが，その程度は照射により抑制された。ペコロスの商品性を左右する硬度，破壊荷重は外観上，萌芽の見られない9月にすでに低下していることが明らかになった。

カットキャベツの変色要因を追求するための基礎的知見を得る目的で，5品種のキャベツ("野崎"，"201"，"60"，"中早生"，"オーロラ1号")を用いて切断後の貯蔵時における全フェノール含量と酸化酵素活性(フロログルシン酸化酵素活性およびペルオキシダーゼ活性)の変動を検討した。1. 肉眼による褐変度合の変動判定結果と測色色差計によるHUNTER色差ΔE(Lab)およびΔLの値変動とはかなりよく一致した。2. 褐変度合と切断前の組織中に含まれる全フェノール含量および2つの酵素活性との間には関連性がみられなかったが，切断後の貯蔵時にフェノール含量および酵素活性の増加量が大きい品種では褐変度合が高く，両者の間に強い関連性がみられた。なお，クロロフィル含量の少ない品種("野崎"，"201"，"60")は，多い品種("オーロラ1号"，"中早生")に比べて褐変度合や全フェノール含量の増加度合および両酵素活性における増加割合が高かった。3. 以上の結果は，切断後に増加する全フェノールや酸化酵素活性が，その褐変に大きな関連性や役割を持つことを強く示唆している。

カットキャベツの品質評価に関する基礎的知見を得る目的で，切断傷害による成分変化を1℃および10℃下でポリエチレン袋包装貯蔵およびデシケーター中密封貯蔵を行って検討し，以下の結果が得られた。1. 切断しない剥離葉を対照にし，クロロフィル，還元型アスコルビン酸，還元糖，遊離アミノ酸および全フェノールの含量変化を検討した結果，全体的な傾向は，一般的に野菜の剥離葉で観察される変化と大きく変らなかった。2. 切断による影響が明確であったのは，全フェノール含量の増加および還元糖含量の減少であった。ことに，全フェノールは，1℃という低い温度で貯蔵しても著しい増加がみられ，増加量が極めて多い10℃区の場合も含めて褐変と大きな関係がみられた。また，0日におけるクロロフィルおよび全フェノール含量が低いキャベツではこの増加が著しかった。これらの二成分は，カットキャベツの品質評価のための指標として有効であると考えられる。3. 呼吸率(RQ)を調べたところ，貯蔵中に変動し，切断区では，1℃と10℃区で相互に類似したパターンが得られ，切断傷害に基づく代謝の一定の方向への収斂性が示唆された。