高木 啓

type:text [要約]真正的学習に関する既存の研究は，学習課題を対象にしたものが多く見られる。パフォーマンス課題や真正的課題といった表現で評価のあり方とともに論じられてきた。筆者らも，本連携研究においてこれまで，学習課題を真正なものに近づける方途について研究を進めてきた。開発した課題を実際に子どもたちに取り組ませたところ，取り組める子どもからは肯定的評価を得られた一方で，どこから手をつければ良いのか見当もつかない子どもも散見された。真正な課題を解くことのできるようにするためには，どのような指導が必要なのか。本論文では，真正な課題を与えるのみならず，真正な課題を用いた授業を開発し，実践を行った。 [SUMMARY]There are a lot of studies about authentic learning, most of which focus on learning tasks. They have discussed evaluation from the perspective of “performance task” and “authentic assessment”. We also have studied how to make learning tasks more authentic in this collaborative study. When children faced the task which we developed, some children gave it positive feedback, but others did not know how to start it. To be able to solve authentic tasks, what kind of guidance is needed? In this paper, we not only prepared authentic tasks, but we also developed the lesson practice using those tasks.

type:text [要約] 本研究は，帰国子女を中心とした児童・生徒を対象として，語彙力の実態を把握するための調査を実施し，帰国子女児童・生徒の語彙力の特徴について，以下の2点を明らかにした。[1] 同学年である一般児童より帰国子女児童のほうが，理解度が有意に低い語が見られ，それらの語に「コロケーションの理解が必要な語」等の特徴が見られることを指摘した。[2] 帰国子女児童・生徒が外来語を使わない傾向は，今回の調査では認められなかった。一方で，帰国児童・生徒と一般児童との間に，「同じ理解度の語について，他の語との関係性（類義関係）を捉えているかに違いが見られる」ことを指摘した。 [SUMMARY] This study examined the situation regarding the vocabulary of Japanese schoolchildren who had returned to Japan from overseas (returning students), clarifying the following two characteristics of their vocabulary ability: (1) Regarding differences in the degree of understanding of words between returning students and regular students, returning students showed a significantly lower degree of understanding of some words than that showed by regular students in the same grade. In addition, these words tended to be characterized by their requirement for understanding of collocations. (2) Regarding the tendency for returning students not to use loanwords, no significant differences were observed between the two groups; however, the results suggested the possibility that in the case of words where the degree of understanding was the same, there may be differences in whether students grasp the relationship of these words with other words (synonymity).